Molecular mechanisms of drug transport

Molecular mechanisms of cystine transport.

The transport of L-cystine into cells of the mammalian brain is an essential step in the supply of cysteine for synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione. Uptake of L-cystine in rat brain synaptosomes occurs by three mechanisms that are distinguishable on the basis of their ionic dependence, kinetics of transport and specificity of inhibitors. Almost 90% of L-cystine transport is by a low-affini...

Molecular mechanisms of drug resistance.

Molecular mechanisms of drug addiction.

Regulation of gene expression is one mechanism by which drugs of abuse can induce relatively long-lasting changes in the brain to cause a state of addiction. Here, we focus on two transcription factors, CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) and DeltaFosB, which contribute to drug-induced changes in gene expression. Both are activated in the nucleus accumbens, a major brain reward region,...

Molecular mechanisms of bacterial periplasmic transport systems.

workers (Dalbadie-McFarland et al., 1982). M 13 derivatives have the advantage of ease of preparation of singlestranded substrate for the priming reaction. However, insofar as plasmids may be nicked and gapped under the appropriate conditions, single-stranded regions of genes cloned in plasmids can also be mutagenized using the primer-directed method. The first change we hope to make is a C to ...

Molecular Mechanisms of Antipsychotic Drug-Induced Diabetes

Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are widely prescribed to control various mental disorders. As mental disorders are chronic diseases, these drugs are often used over a life-time. However, APDs can cause serious glucometabolic side-effects including type 2 diabetes and hyperglycaemic emergency, leading to medication non-compliance. At present, there is no effective approach to overcome these side-effe...